So, let's talk about unity and diversity. 

Let's start with this question : what forms can plurality and diversity take in today's world ? 

They can be seen across beliefs, religions, lifestyles, and languages. These differences may appear at the level of individuals, communities, or entire nations. But do such differences always bring people together? Unfortunately, they can also cause division—whether through social class, economic inequality, or heated debates on issues like gender roles, same-sex marriage, or emerging global challenges such as terrorism, climate change, or automation.

Can diversity be more than a source of conflict?

Well, yes—it can also be a powerful asset. When individuals are open to mutual influence and change, society grows stronger. Does living together require effort? Absolutely. It means breaking down barriers, welcoming new perspectives, and engaging with others in a respectful and positive way. Sharing experience and knowledge is one of the best ways to grow. Sharing know-how and lived experience encourages innovation and helps societies to move forward.

So, is peaceful coexistence always easy?

Not at all. Differences can lead to tension or even conflict—especially when they turn into deep divides. When people reject what they don’t understand, it can result in exclusion, discrimination, or in the worst cases, violence and genocide. Even though multiculturalism and multilingualism are now viewed as strengths, they sometimes lead to marginalization and separation.

So, are all groups treated equally in diverse societies?

Well, sadly, no. Discrimination still targets minorities, women—often treated as second-class citizens—and the poor. This can create a divided society and it prevent real harmony between communities.

Does history offer examples of this?

Yes. For example, Apartheid in South Africa is a striking case of a political system that institutionalized division and inequality. Apartheid shows how power structures can harm society. Similar patterns appeared in the U.S. during segregation and even today with regards Native Americans. Similarly, in Australia, Aboriginal peoples have suffered cruelty and  widespread exclusion. In Canada, indigenous children were taken from their families and forced into boarding schools that erased their cultural identity.

So, despite historical atrocities, can difference also unite people?

The answer is yes—if we choose to value and celebrate diversity. Cultural and sporting events, festivals, commemorations, and celebrations can bring people together. Music and sport can help create unity. These activities foster community, encourage a sense of pride and belonging, and promote inclusion—unlike systems that concentrate benefits among the privileged few while excluding other members of society.

Comprehension Questions (1–7)

These check understanding of key ideas and rhetorical structure.

• What are some of the areas where diversity can be observed according to the text?

• What are the potential positive outcomes of diversity?

• What does the author mean by "living together requires effort"?

• How does the text explain the dangers of rejecting differences?

• What historical example is used to illustrate institutionalized division?

• How are multiculturalism and multilingualism portrayed in the text?

• What role do cultural and sporting events play in fostering unity?

Discussion / Critical Thinking Questions (8–15)

These are open-ended questions to encourage deeper reflection and classroom debate.

• Do you think diversity is more often a source of conflict or of strength in today’s world? Why?

• Can you think of a country where peaceful coexistence between communities works well? What factors make it work?

• In your opinion, what is the biggest obstacle to social unity today?

• Is it possible to fully eliminate discrimination in modern societies? Why or why not?

• Do you think commemorating past injustices (like apartheid or residential schools) helps society move forward? Explain.

• How can young people contribute to building inclusive communities?

• How do sports or music help create a sense of belonging? Give real-life examples if possible.

• “Sharing experience encourages innovation.” Do you agree? Can you think of a field (education, science, culture…) where this is especially true?

Comprehension Questions with answer guides

What are some of the areas where diversity can be observed according to the text?

Diversity can be seen in beliefs, religions, lifestyles, and languages. It appears at the individual, community, or national level.

What are the potential positive outcomes of diversity?

Diversity can be a source of strength. It encourages mutual influence, personal growth, innovation, and social progress when approached respectfully.

What does the author mean by "living together requires effort"?

It means that coexistence demands open-mindedness, breaking down barriers, accepting new perspectives, and working actively to build inclusive relationships.

How does the text explain the dangers of rejecting differences?

Rejecting what is unfamiliar can lead to exclusion, discrimination, or even violence and genocide in extreme cases.

What historical example is used to illustrate institutionalized division?

Apartheid in South Africa is mentioned as a political system that created racial segregation and inequality. Other examples include treatment of Native Americans and Aboriginal Australians.

How are multiculturalism and multilingualism portrayed in the text?

They are seen as strengths but also come with challenges, as they can still lead to separation and marginalization if not managed inclusively.

What role do cultural and sporting events play in fostering unity?

These events bring people together, promote shared pride, encourage community bonds, and offer a positive alternative to exclusionary systems.

Discussion / Critical Thinking Questions with Suggested Answers

Do you think diversity is more often a source of conflict or of strength in today’s world? Why?

It depends on the context. In some societies, diversity fosters innovation and cultural richness. In others, if not managed well, it can lead to social tensions due to fear, misinformation, or lack of dialogue.

Can you think of a country where peaceful coexistence between communities works well? What factors make it work?

Canada is often cited as a country promoting multiculturalism. Factors include inclusive laws, education, and public policies that respect cultural identity.

In your opinion, what is the biggest obstacle to social unity today?

Possible answers: systemic inequality, racism, political polarization, lack of education on diversity, or media-driven fear of “the other.”

Is it possible to fully eliminate discrimination in modern societies? Why or why not?

Probably not entirely, because prejudice is deeply rooted, but education, laws, and awareness can greatly reduce it and promote fairness.

Do you think commemorating past injustices (like apartheid or residential schools) helps society move forward? Explain.

Yes, because remembering prevents repetition, honors victims, and opens up necessary conversations about justice and reconciliation.

How can young people contribute to building inclusive communities?

By challenging stereotypes, participating in intercultural projects, promoting respectful dialogue, and using social media to share inclusive messages.

How do sports or music help create a sense of belonging? Give real-life examples if possible.

They bring people together regardless of background. Example: the Olympics or international music festivals like Glastonbury or WOMAD promote unity through shared experiences.

“Sharing experience encourages innovation.” Do you agree? Can you think of a field (education, science, culture…) where this is especially true?

Yes. In science, collaboration across cultures brings new perspectives and faster discoveries. In education, diverse classrooms foster creativity and problem-solving.

Descriptive Questions (Facts, Dates, Events)

When did the 7/7 bombings take place, and how many people were killed and injured?

What was Ken Livingstone’s official position at the time of the attacks, and how did he respond publicly?

Where did the youngest bomber detonate his device, and how many people died in that incident?

Analytical Questions (How, Why...)

Why does the author highlight the diversity of London in response to the 7/7 attacks?

How does the article contrast Ken Livingstone’s leadership in 2005 with contemporary political attitudes?

Why does Hugh Muir describe the attackers’ goal as an attempt to divide Londoners, and how was that resisted?

Reflective Questions (Opinion, Conditionals, Ethics)

In your opinion, what role should political leaders play during national tragedies?

If a similar attack happened today, how do you think politicians and media would respond differently?

Do you agree with Livingstone’s idea that diversity is a strength, not a weakness? Why or why not?

Bonus Question (Civic engagement & ethics)

What responsibilities do ordinary citizens have in resisting division and promoting unity in diverse societies?